NUMERICAL SIMULATION WITH A COMPREHENSIVE CHEMICAL TRANSPORT MODEL OF NITRATE, SULFATE, AND AMMONIUM AEROSOL DISTRIBUTIONS OVER EAST ASIA

The transport and chemical production processes of nitrate, sulfate, and ammonium aerosols over East Asia were investigated by use of the Models-3 Community Multi-scale Air Quality （CMAQ） modeling system coupled with the Regional Atmospheric Modeling System （RAMS）. For the evaluation of the model＇s ability in depicting their 3-dimensional concentration distributions and temporal variations, modeled concentrations of nitrate, sulfate, and ammonium aerosols are compared with the observations obtained at a ground station in Japan in March 2001 and onboard of an aircraft DC-8 on 18 and 21 March 2001 during the Transport and Chemical Evolution over the Pacific （TRACE-P） field campaign. Comparison shows that simulated values of nitrate, sulfate, and ammonium aerosols are generally in good agreement with their observed data, and the model captures most important observed features, and reproduces temporal and spatial variations of nitrate, sulfate, and ammonium aerosol concentrations reasonably well, e.g., the timing and locations of the concentration spikes of nitrate, sulfate, and ammonium aerosols are well reproduced, but large discrepancies between observed and simulated values are also clearly seen at some points and some times due to the coarse grid resolution and uncertainties of the emissions used in this study. This comparison results indicate that CMAQ is able to simulate the distributions of nitrate, sulfate, and ammonium aerosols and their related species in the troposphere over East Asia reasonably well.     

强爆炸冲击波作用下天线结构的离散变量优化设计

首先建立了强爆炸冲击波作用下天线结构受精度和应力约束的连续变量优化设计数学模型 ;其次 ,根据材料特点 ,将设计变量取为离散变量 ,提出了天线结构在强爆炸冲击波作用下受精度和应力约束的离散变量优化设计数学模型。采用离散变量优化算法离散复合形法 ,对强爆炸冲击波作用下的 8m天线进行了优化计算。结果表明 ,经优化设计后 ,天线重量仅为初始重量的 4 0 %。     

星载张力索网天线结构混合变量的多目标优化

以纵向拉索调整力大小和可调整的纵向拉索数目为设计变量,可调整的纵向拉索数目最少和网状反射面的均方根误差最小为目标函数,应力和频率为约束条件,建立了大型空间网状可展开天线的形面调整的多目标优化数学模型,并用遗传算法进行了优化求解。优化结果表明:该方法在提高天线表面精度的同时,能有效地减少可调整的纵向拉索数目,降低了工程人员在网面调整中的繁杂劳动。并且,网面调整的总次数也远少于实际工程中的调整,对工程应用具有一定的指导意义。     

甘蓝夜蛾信息素类似物的设计合成及初步活性研究

甘蓝夜蛾隶属鳞翅目夜蛾科,主要危害甘蓝、西兰花、萝卜等十字花科蔬菜。与传统的化学农药防治相比,昆虫信息素防治具有专一性强、灵敏度高、绿色环保、同时不会误伤天敌等优点。但天然信息素易降解、持效期短,长期单一使用会诱导昆虫产生抗性等问题。针对这些问题,本文设计并合成了4种结构新颖的信息素类似物:反-11-十六碳烯-3-氯丙酸酯(G1)、反-11-十六碳烯-2-溴丙酸酯(G2)、11,12-二氟十六烷基-1-醇(G3)、11,12-二氟十六烷基乙酸酯(G4),并表征了其结构。通过触角电生理试验(EAG)初步测试了G1~G4的室内生物活性。     

光电导天线太赫兹辐射峰值调控研究

针对微结构光电导天线与飞秒激光之间相互作用效应以及辐射太赫兹波调控问题进行了研究。采用德鲁德-洛伦兹理论模型获得微结构光电导天线辐射光电流密度,通过时域有限差分把光电流密度迭代在激励网格上,结合麦克斯韦方程求解时变电磁场,并通过传输线格林函数获得多层介质近场到远场的辐射太赫兹波,建立了辐射光电流与辐射阻抗、电磁共振模式之间的关系模型,模拟仿真分析了微结构S型光电导天线太赫兹波辐射调控机理。研究结果表明:微结构改变了天线等效模型的辐射阻抗;同时得知耦合系数不为零时存在耦合作用,且随着耦合系数增大共振频率峰值发生辐射增强和位移;并通过设计S型光电导天线获得辐射峰值频率调整范围为0.50~0.80 THz之间,对比工形天线辐射峰值频率由原来的0.40 T移动到0.76 T,频率调整度75%,峰值辐射效率约提高70%。该研究工作为后续高功率光导天线太赫兹波辐射的共振中心频点以及结构设计奠定重要基础。     

超越SNOM探针通光孔径尺寸的金属纳米间隙超分辨测量

采用电磁场有限元方法,数值模拟了孔径型扫描近场光学显微镜(aperture Scanning Near-field Optical Microscopy,a-SNOM)在照明模式下的工作过程.针对金偶极天线结构,改变天线长度和纳米间隙尺寸,计算了a-SNOM探针孔径的远场辐射速率随探针端面中心坐标变化的扫描曲线,实现了超越a-SNOM探针通光孔径尺寸的天线金属纳米间隙的超分辨测量,对于100nm通光孔径的探针,可分辨最小尺寸为10nm(0.016倍波长)的金属间隙.通过对比金属和介质偶极天线的a-SNOM探针远场辐射速率测量的计算结果,表明天线金属纳米间隙的超分辨测量的实现是由于金属间隙表面等离激元的激发.     

具有高隔离度的双陷波超宽带多入多出天线

提出了一款具有高隔离度的双陷波超宽带多入多出(UWB MIMO)天线。该天线由两个相同的半切超宽带天线单元倒置构成。通过在天线底板刻蚀栅栏型缺陷地解耦结构,使该MIMO天线的隔离度提高至25 dB。此外,在天线半圆形辐射贴片上刻蚀两个方向相反的"L"型缝隙,实现了双陷波的功能,分别抑制了802.16无线城域网WiMAX(3.2~3.7 GHz)和WLAN(5.15~5.85 GHz)信号对天线系统的干扰。实验结果表明,该天线在3~11 GHz工作带宽内的隔离度大于25 dB,包络相关系数(ECC)小于0.004;第一个陷波频段为3.0~3.7 GHz,第二个陷波频段为5.1~5.85 GHz,有效抑制了WiMAX和WLAN的信号干扰。     

一种天线分子与卟啉染料自组装在染料敏化太阳能电池中的应用

以卟啉分子H2-pTCPP作为基础染料,通过配位自组装的方法将天线分子S3修饰到染料结构中。结果表明经天线分子修饰后染料敏化太阳能电池器件的整体性能得到了极大的改善。天线效应有效地提高了器件的光子捕获能力,光电流得到了显著的提高,并且电荷复合行为也得到了明显的抑制。基于H2-pTCPP的电池器件显示了1.18%的转换效率,而经过天线分子修饰后的Mn-pTCPP+S3显示了2.64%的转换效率,性能提高了1.2倍。     

Long‐Distance Electronic Energy Transfer in Light‐Harvesting Supramolecular Polymers

The efficient collection of solar energy relies on the design and construction of well‐organized light‐harvesting systems. Herein we report that supramolecular phenanthrene polymers doped with pyrene are effective collectors of light energy. The linear polymers are formed through the assembly of short amphiphilic oligomers in water. Absorption of light by phenanthrene residues is followed by electronic energy transfer along the polymer over long distances (>100 nm) to the accepting pyrene molecules. The high efficiency of the energy transfer, which is documented by large fluorescence quantum yields, suggests a quantum coherent process.